Mandamus decisions / Northern District of Illinois
Bangert v. U.S. Embassy In Ethiopia, Consular Section
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2,914 written decisions from 2,661 cases in the whole mandamus and agency-delay group, the group's newest decided October 30, 2026. Updated November 3, 2026 at 1:24 a.m. CT; the Passim connector counts the live collection, which can differ by the day's additions and retirements (which total to quote). Coverage: of the 1,606 public decisions since January 1, 2025 that a CourtListener and GovInfo search for mandamus and agency delay finds, Passim holds 1,371 (85%), measured November 3, 2026. Some of what that search finds are not mandamus decisions. Tell us about a decision we're missing.
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What the decision decided
Each value cites the passage it was read from. Values read by a model were checked against that passage; values read by rule come from fixed text patterns. Read the decision before relying on either.
| Agency |
National Visa Center
Read by a model
The NVC schedules interview appointments in the order that pending applications become documentarily complete. |
|---|---|
| Form or filing |
DS-260 (immigrant visa)
Read by a model
This dispute concerns the application of Bangert’s wife, Afomiya Animaw, for an immediate-relative immigrant visa. |
| What the suit asked for |
Schedule an interview
Read by a model
His complaint does not state whether or when Animaw submitted the required visa application forms or fees to the NVC, or even whether Animaw had completed her application prior to Bangert’s filing suit demanding that the NVC schedule her interview. |
| Kind of order |
A ruling on a motion or the petition
Read by a model
For the reasons described above, Defendants’ motion to dismiss is granted. |
| Motion decided |
Motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction; Motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim
Read by a model
Defendants have moved to dismiss all of Bangert’s claims, either for lack of subject matter jurisdiction under Rule 12(b)(1) or for failure to state a claim under Rule 12(b)(6). |
| Whose motion |
The government's motion
Read by a model
For the reasons described above, Defendants’ motion to dismiss is granted. |
| Disposition |
Dismissed
The case or every delay claim was dismissed for a reason other than mootness.
Read by a model
For the reasons described above, Defendants’ motion to dismiss is granted. |
| Prevailing party |
Government
Read by a model
For the reasons described above, Defendants’ motion to dismiss is granted. |
| The delay claim |
Dismissed
Read by a model
Bangert may have a claim under the APA for unreasonable delay in adjudicating Animaw’s visa application. For now, that claim as against the NVC and the Embassy is dismissed without prejudice. |
| The other claims |
Dismissed
Read by a model
These claims are all dismissed with prejudice. |
| Months pending | Not stated at filing The agency acted before this decision, so the months up to the decision are not a delay and are not shown. Read by a model |
| TRAC factors | The court did not weigh the TRAC factors Read by a model |
| Threshold rulings |
Consular nonreviewability applied; Consular nonreviewability rejected; Held moot; APA adequate-remedy bar applied (mandamus claim fails)
Read by a model
First, to the extent Bangert seeks an order directing the remaining Defendants to approve Animaw’s visa application, his APA claim is barred by the doctrine of consular nonreviewability. |
| Nationality |
Ethiopia
Read by a model
Dylan Bangert’s wife, Afomiya Animaw, is a citizen and resident of Ethiopia. |
| I-130 category |
Immediate relative
Read by a model
This dispute concerns the application of Bangert’s wife, Afomiya Animaw, for an immediate-relative immigrant visa. |
How the case ended
This decision is not linked to a docket in the docket record yet, so how the case ended is not shown.
Supreme Court and Seventh Circuit authority
District decisions bind no one. On the questions this decision raises, the Supreme Court decisions and the circuit's published decisions listed here bind this court; a circuit disposition marked nonprecedential was not published as precedent and is persuasive only. ImmCite status as read November 3, 2026. Check the current status before relying on one.
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Trump v. Hawaii, 585 U.S. 667
Supreme Court, June 26, 2018. Mandel's facially-legitimate-and-bona-fide standard governs constitutional challenges to entry restrictions, and a citation to a valid statutory ground ordinarily satisfies it.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Department of State v. Muñoz, 602 U.S. 899
Supreme Court, June 21, 2024. A U.S. citizen has no fundamental liberty interest in a noncitizen spouse's admission, so marriage alone entitles the citizen neither to Mandel review of the consular refusal nor to an explanation beyond the statutory citation.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Kleindienst v. Mandel, 408 U.S. 753
Supreme Court, June 29, 1972. When a visa refusal burdens a U.S. citizen's own constitutional rights, courts ask only whether the Executive gave a facially legitimate and bona fide reason and do not look behind it.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Norton v. Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance, 542 U.S. 55
Supreme Court, June 14, 2004. Section 706(1) and mandamus reach only a discrete agency action that the agency is legally required to take, so a court cannot compel programmatic improvements or action the law leaves to agency discretion.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Pak v. Biden, 91 F.4th 896
Seventh Circuit, January 31, 2024. Consular nonreviewability bars a systemic challenge to how terrorism-related inadmissibility exemptions are considered, a matter the statute commits to the Secretaries' sole unreviewable discretion, and a statutory citation with a facial link to the record satisfies Mandel.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance. ImmCite has read all 2 published decisions citing this case, as of 2026-10-30; none treats it adversely. That describes those decisions; it is not a determination that the case is good law.
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Matushkina v. Nielsen, 877 F.3d 289
Seventh Circuit, December 7, 2017. Consular nonreviewability is a merits rule rather than a limit on subject-matter jurisdiction, and it bars indirect attacks on a visa refusal through the underlying inadmissibility finding.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance. ImmCite has read all 11 published decisions citing this case, as of 2026-10-29; none treats it adversely. That describes those decisions; it is not a determination that the case is good law.
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Yafai v. Pompeo, 912 F.3d 1018
Seventh Circuit, January 4, 2019. A visa refusal citing a statutory inadmissibility ground supported by facts in the record is facially legitimate and bona fide, and bad faith must be affirmatively shown before a court looks further.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance. ImmCite has read all 8 published decisions citing this case, as of 2026-10-29; none treats it adversely. That describes those decisions; it is not a determination that the case is good law.
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Iddir v. INS, 301 F.3d 492
Seventh Circuit, August 6, 2002. INS had a nondiscretionary duty to adjudicate diversity-visa applications and § 1252(a)(2)(B)(ii) does not bar review of a failure to act, but no relief is available once the fiscal year ends.
ImmCite: caution, adverse or limiting treatment found. Questioned by Akash Shahi v. United States Department of S, 33 F.4th 927 (2022).
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Calderon-Ramirez v. McCament, 877 F.3d 272
Seventh Circuit, December 5, 2017. USCIS must process U-visa petitions within a reasonable time, but neither mandamus nor the APA offers relief to an applicant who shows nothing setting him apart from those ahead of him in the oldest-first queue.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Shahi v. United States Department of State, 33 F.4th 927
Seventh Circuit, May 6, 2022. Courts cannot order a diversity visa issued after the fiscal year ends whatever relief is requested, because the statute ends eligibility, and the Mandamus Act supplies a remedy rather than jurisdiction.
ImmCite: unchecked, treatment not confirmed yet, not evidence either way. ImmCite has found no published decision citing this case as of 2026-10-29; it checks for new citing decisions daily. That is not a determination that the case is good law. The citation index lists 10 other decisions citing it, none a Supreme Court, BIA or Attorney General precedent or a published circuit opinion; ImmCite's status does not review them.