Mandamus decisions / District of Oregon
Buell v. United States Department of State
Read the decisionOriginal on CourtListener
2,914 written decisions from 2,661 cases in the whole mandamus and agency-delay group, the group's newest decided October 30, 2026. Updated November 3, 2026 at 1:24 a.m. CT; the Passim connector counts the live collection, which can differ by the day's additions and retirements (which total to quote). Coverage: of the 1,606 public decisions since January 1, 2025 that a CourtListener and GovInfo search for mandamus and agency delay finds, Passim holds 1,371 (85%), measured November 3, 2026. Some of what that search finds are not mandamus decisions. Tell us about a decision we're missing.
These are counts of past written decisions and dockets, not predictions of how any case will be decided. A distribution appears only when at least 5 decisions (or 5 dockets) are behind it; smaller groups are listed, not summarized. How it's counted.
What the decision decided
Each value cites the passage it was read from. Values read by a model were checked against that passage; values read by rule come from fixed text patterns. Read the decision before relying on either.
| Agency |
Department of State
Read by a model
The State Department has supervisory responsibility over offices responsible for visa application processing, including administrative processing and the U.S. embassies, and therefore Secretary Rubio and the State Department are properly named Defendants. |
|---|---|
| Form or filing |
221(g) (consular refusal); DS-260 (immigrant visa)
Read by a model
Plaintiffs filed applications for a visa with the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services that would allow Mrs. Buell to immigrate to the United States. |
| What the suit asked for |
Finish 221(g) processing
Read by a model
Instead, Plaintiffs seek timely administrative processing of a visa application. |
| Kind of order |
A ruling on a motion or the petition
Read by a model
The Court GRANTS IN PART Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss, ECF 7. |
| Motion decided |
Motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction; Motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim
Read by a model
Defendants agree with the Findings and Recommendation’s conclusion that the case should be dismissed for failure to state a claim for unreasonable delay but argue that three threshold matters also support dismissal under Rule 12(b)(1) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. |
| Whose motion |
The government's motion
Read by a model
The Court GRANTS IN PART Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss, ECF 7. |
| Disposition |
Dismissed
The case or every delay claim was dismissed for a reason other than mootness.
Read by a model
The Court dismisses this case without leave to amend but without prejudice for Plaintiffs to renew their claims if the current delay matures into an unreasonable delay. |
| Prevailing party |
Government
Read by a model
The Court dismisses this case without leave to amend but without prejudice for Plaintiffs to renew their claims if the current delay matures into an unreasonable delay. |
| The delay claim |
Dismissed
Read by a model
The Court has reviewed for clear error and adopts the recommendation that the case be dismissed without leave to amend for failure to state a claim. |
| Months pending |
14 months from the application to the court's decision
Read by a model
Plaintiffs failed to allege that Defendants have unreasonably delayed processing Mrs. Buell’s visa by delaying only 14 months. |
| TRAC factors | The court did not weigh the TRAC factors Read by a model |
| Threshold rulings |
Consular nonreviewability rejected; Duty to re-adjudicate a 221(g) refusal found
Read by a model
Therefore, the Court agrees with the Findings and Recommendation that at this stage, Plaintiffs adequately have pleaded that consular non-reviewability does not bar their claims. |
| Nationality |
Russia
Read by a model
Plaintiff Adam Buell, a U.S. citizen, is married to Plaintiff Olga Valeryevna Buell, a citizen and national of Russia. |
| I-130 category |
Immediate relative
Read by a model
Plaintiff Adam Buell, a U.S. citizen, is married to Plaintiff Olga Valeryevna Buell, a citizen and national of Russia. |
Other orders in this case
The group holds 2 decisions from this suit, oldest first. Outcome counts on these pages count the case once, by its latest decision, this one. How decisions are grouped into cases.
| Decision | Decided | Judge | Disposition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Buell et al v. United States Department of State et al | April 28, 2025 | Jolie A. Russo | Magistrate judge's recommendation |
| Buell v. United States Department of StateThis decisionThe case's latest decision: its outcome is the one counted | June 12, 2025 | Jolie A. Russo | Dismissed |
How the case ended
- Docket
- No. 3:24-cv-01942
- Filed
- November 20, 2024
- Ended
- June 12, 2025
- Suit's filing to its end
- 204 days
- How it ended
- Dismissed on jurisdiction or the merits
- From the record
- order 2025-06-12 dismisses on the TRAC factors
A voluntary or stipulated dismissal is how most suits end once the agency acts; the docket rarely says why. Other suits in this court.
Supreme Court and Ninth Circuit authority
District decisions bind no one. On the questions this decision raises, the Supreme Court decisions and the circuit's published decisions listed here bind this court; a circuit disposition marked nonprecedential was not published as precedent and is persuasive only. ImmCite status as read November 3, 2026. Check the current status before relying on one.
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Department of State v. Muñoz, 602 U.S. 899
Supreme Court, June 21, 2024. A U.S. citizen has no fundamental liberty interest in a noncitizen spouse's admission, so marriage alone entitles the citizen neither to Mandel review of the consular refusal nor to an explanation beyond the statutory citation.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Trump v. Hawaii, 585 U.S. 667
Supreme Court, June 26, 2018. Mandel's facially-legitimate-and-bona-fide standard governs constitutional challenges to entry restrictions, and a citation to a valid statutory ground ordinarily satisfies it.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Kleindienst v. Mandel, 408 U.S. 753
Supreme Court, June 29, 1972. When a visa refusal burdens a U.S. citizen's own constitutional rights, courts ask only whether the Executive gave a facially legitimate and bona fide reason and do not look behind it.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Norton v. Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance, 542 U.S. 55
Supreme Court, June 14, 2004. Section 706(1) and mandamus reach only a discrete agency action that the agency is legally required to take, so a court cannot compel programmatic improvements or action the law leaves to agency discretion.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Allen v. Milas, 896 F.3d 1094
Ninth Circuit, July 24, 2018. The APA provides no avenue for review of a consular visa refusal beyond Mandel's facially-legitimate-and-bona-fide inquiry, and consular nonreviewability is not a jurisdictional bar.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance. ImmCite has read all 8 published decisions citing this case, as of 2026-10-31; none treats it adversely. That describes those decisions; it is not a determination that the case is good law.
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Sanchez Gonzalez v. United States Department of State, No. 23-4205 (9th Cir. Apr. 30, 2026)
Ninth Circuit, April 30, 2026. After Muñoz, a citizen spouse's own First Amendment interest triggered Mandel review, which a facially legitimate and bona fide reason satisfied absent a showing of bad faith.
ImmCite: unchecked, treatment not confirmed yet, not evidence either way. ImmCite has found no published decision citing this case as of 2026-10-18; it checks for new citing decisions daily. That is not a determination that the case is good law.
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Independence Mining Co. v. Babbitt, 105 F.3d 502
Ninth Circuit, January 23, 1997. Mandamus and APA § 706(1) claims to compel delayed agency action are analyzed alike under the TRAC factors.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Vaz v. Neal, 33 F.4th 1131
Ninth Circuit, May 9, 2022. Section 706(1) compels only a clear, mandatory and discrete duty that has been unreasonably delayed under TRAC, and the APA's prerequisites go to the merits while § 1331 supplies jurisdiction.
ImmCite: unchecked, treatment not confirmed yet, not evidence either way. ImmCite has found no published decision citing this case as of 2026-11-03; it checks for new citing decisions daily. That is not a determination that the case is good law. The citation index lists 144 other decisions citing it, none a Supreme Court, BIA or Attorney General precedent or a published circuit opinion; ImmCite's status does not review them.