Mandamus decisions / District of Colorado
Jung v. Goldman
Read the decisionOriginal on CourtListener
2,996 written decisions from 2,731 cases in the whole mandamus and agency-delay group, the group's newest decided November 12, 2026. Updated November 14, 2026 at 1:17 a.m. CT; the Passim connector counts the live collection, which can differ by the day's additions and retirements (which total to quote). Coverage: of the 1,617 public decisions since January 1, 2025 that a CourtListener and GovInfo search for mandamus and agency delay finds, Passim holds 1,406 (87%), 1,039 of them in this group, measured November 14, 2026. Some of what that search finds are not mandamus decisions. Tell us about a decision we're missing.
These are counts of past written decisions and dockets, not predictions of how any case will be decided. A distribution appears only when at least 5 decisions (or 5 dockets) are behind it; smaller groups are listed, not summarized. How it's counted.
What the decision decided
Each value cites the passage it was read from. Values read by a model were checked against that passage; values read by rule come from fixed text patterns. Read the decision before relying on either.
| Agency |
Department of State
Read by a model
The same day, Plaintiff’s fiancée was informed that the State Department had refused her application under 8 U.S.C. § 1201(g) |
|---|---|
| Form or filing |
221(g) (consular refusal); DS-160 (nonimmigrant visa)
Read by a model
The impetus for this litigation is the pursuit of a “K-1 visa,” which allows the fiancé or fiancée of a citizen of the United States to travel to this country to marry his or her U.S. citizen sponsor within ninety days of arrival. |
| What the suit asked for |
Finish 221(g) processing
Read by a model
requests only that the Court order final adjudication of the visa application, including administrative processing, within a reasonable time. |
| Kind of order |
A ruling on a motion or the petition
Read by a model
Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss Plaintiff’s Petition for Writ of Mandamus and Complaint for Injunctive Relief (ECF No. 8) is GRANTED; |
| Motion decided |
Motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction
Read by a model
Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss Plaintiff’s Petition for Writ of Mandamus and Complaint for Injunctive Relief (ECF No. 8) is GRANTED; |
| Whose motion |
The government's motion
Read by a model
Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss Plaintiff’s Petition for Writ of Mandamus and Complaint for Injunctive Relief (ECF No. 8) is GRANTED; |
| Disposition |
Dismissed
The case or every delay claim was dismissed for a reason other than mootness.
Read by a model
Plaintiff’s Complaint (ECF No. 1) is DISMISSED without prejudice for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction; |
| Prevailing party |
Government
Read by a model
Plaintiff’s Complaint (ECF No. 1) is DISMISSED without prejudice for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction; |
| The delay claim |
Dismissed
Read by a model
Plaintiff’s Complaint (ECF No. 1) is DISMISSED without prejudice for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction; |
| The other claims |
Dismissed
Read by a model
Thus, because Mr. Jung has not identified a legally-protected interest sufficient to support a due-process claim, it too fails for lack of standing. |
| Months pending |
4.1 months from the application to the suit; 16.3 months from the application to the court's decision
Read by a model
That interview occurred at the U.S. embassy in Turkey on May 10, 2024. |
| TRAC factors | The court did not weigh the TRAC factors Read by a model |
| Threshold rulings |
Mootness argument rejected; No duty to re-adjudicate a 221(g) refusal
Read by a model
the court respectfully disagrees with the State Department that mootness is the relevant jurisdictional principle—where there has been no “intervening circumstance” since the visa application was refused. |
How the case ended
- Docket
- No. 1:24-cv-02500
- On the docket
- This ruling (ECF 20)
- Filed
- September 11, 2024
- Ended
- September 19, 2025
- Suit's filing to its end
- 373 days
- How it ended
- Dismissed on jurisdiction or the merits
- From the record
- order 2025-09-19 dismisses for want of jurisdiction
A voluntary or stipulated dismissal is how most suits end once the agency acts; the docket rarely says why. Other suits in this court.
The ruling's entry is the docket's one order or judgment entered the day of the decision. Both come from CourtListener's copy of the docket; check them there.
Supreme Court and Tenth Circuit authority
District decisions bind no one. On the questions this decision raises, the Supreme Court decisions and the circuit's published decisions listed here bind this court; a circuit disposition marked nonprecedential was not published as precedent and is persuasive only. ImmCite status as read November 14, 2026. Check the current status before relying on one.
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Department of State v. Muñoz, 602 U.S. 899
Supreme Court, June 21, 2024. A U.S. citizen has no fundamental liberty interest in a noncitizen spouse's admission, so marriage alone entitles the citizen neither to Mandel review of the consular refusal nor to an explanation beyond the statutory citation.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Trump v. Hawaii, 585 U.S. 667
Supreme Court, June 26, 2018. Mandel's facially-legitimate-and-bona-fide standard governs constitutional challenges to entry restrictions, and a citation to a valid statutory ground ordinarily satisfies it.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Kleindienst v. Mandel, 408 U.S. 753
Supreme Court, June 29, 1972. When a visa refusal burdens a U.S. citizen's own constitutional rights, courts ask only whether the Executive gave a facially legitimate and bona fide reason and do not look behind it.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Norton v. Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance, 542 U.S. 55
Supreme Court, June 14, 2004. Section 706(1) and mandamus reach only a discrete agency action that the agency is legally required to take, so a court cannot compel programmatic improvements or action the law leaves to agency discretion.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Forest Guardians v. Babbitt, 174 F.3d 1178
Tenth Circuit, April 22, 1999. Missing a concrete statutory deadline is agency action unlawfully withheld that a court must compel, while without a deadline the question is unreasonable delay; the holding still binds in the Tenth Circuit.
ImmCite: caution, adverse or limiting treatment found. Not followed in the Ninth Circuit by Al Otro Lado v. Noem, 138 F.4th 1102 (2025).