Mandamus decisions / Middle District of North Carolina
ASLAM v. HELLER
Read the decisionOriginal on CourtListener
2,996 written decisions from 2,731 cases in the whole mandamus and agency-delay group, the group's newest decided November 12, 2026. Updated November 14, 2026 at 1:17 a.m. CT; the Passim connector counts the live collection, which can differ by the day's additions and retirements (which total to quote). Coverage: of the 1,617 public decisions since January 1, 2025 that a CourtListener and GovInfo search for mandamus and agency delay finds, Passim holds 1,406 (87%), 1,039 of them in this group, measured November 14, 2026. Some of what that search finds are not mandamus decisions. Tell us about a decision we're missing.
These are counts of past written decisions and dockets, not predictions of how any case will be decided. A distribution appears only when at least 5 decisions (or 5 dockets) are behind it; smaller groups are listed, not summarized. How it's counted.
What the decision decided
Each value cites the passage it was read from. Values read by a model were checked against that passage; values read by rule come from fixed text patterns. Read the decision before relying on either.
| Agency |
Department of State
Read by a model
In March 2023, Plaintiff’s husband, Hamza Iftikhar, was interviewed by the U.S. Consulate General in Guangzhong[, China,] in connection with the case. |
|---|---|
| Form or filing |
221(g) (consular refusal); DS-260 (immigrant visa)
Read by a model
Defendants’ failure to adjudicate Plaintiff’s I-130-based visa application |
| What the suit asked for |
Finish 221(g) processing
Read by a model
Plaintiff seeks an order mandating that Defendants process her husband’s visa application within 15 calendar days of the Court’s order or as soon as reasonably practicable, as well as an award of attorney’s fees and costs. |
| Kind of order |
A magistrate judge's recommendation
Read by a model
MEMORANDUM OPINION AND RECOMMENDATION OF UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE |
| Motion decided |
Motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction
Read by a model
For the reasons stated above, Plaintiff has failed to establish subject-matter jurisdiction, warranting dismissal under Rule 12(b)(1). |
| Whose motion |
The government's motion
Read by a model
the Motion to Dismiss (Docket Entry 5) filed by Lisa Heller, David Meale, and Antony Blinken (collectively, the “Defendants”). |
| Disposition |
Magistrate judge's recommendation
A magistrate judge's report and recommendation. The district judge decides whether to adopt it, so it is not counted as either side's win.
Read by a model
MEMORANDUM OPINION AND RECOMMENDATION OF UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE |
| Prevailing party |
Neither side
Read by a model
MEMORANDUM OPINION AND RECOMMENDATION OF UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE |
| The delay claim |
Dismissed
Read by a model
IT IS THEREFORE RECOMMENDED that the instant Motion (Docket Entry 5) be granted, and that the Complaint (Docket Entry 1) be dismissed for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. |
| The other claims |
Dismissed
Read by a model
Accordingly, a dismissal of the statutory claim(s) necessarily defeats the constitutional claim. |
| Months pending |
8 months from the application to the suit; 16.3 months from the application to the court's decision
Read by a model
In March 2023, Plaintiff’s husband, Hamza Iftikhar, was interviewed by the U.S. Consulate General in Guangzhong[, China,] in connection with the case. |
| TRAC factors | The court did not weigh the TRAC factors Read by a model |
| Threshold rulings |
No duty to re-adjudicate a 221(g) refusal
Read by a model
visa application for administrative processing under Section 221(g), the Court cannot compel further action on Plaintiff’s husband’s visa application. As a result, the Court lacks subject matter jurisdiction. |
| I-130 category |
Immediate relative
Read by a model
a[n] [I-130 immediate family member reunification] visa petition for her husband, Hamza Iftikhar. |
How the case ended
- Docket
- No. 1:23-cv-00971
- On the docket
- This ruling (ECF 11)
- Filed
- November 12, 2023
- Ended
- August 20, 2024
- Suit's filing to its end
- 282 days
- How it ended
- Dismissed on jurisdiction or the merits
- From the record
- order 2024-07-23 dismisses for want of jurisdiction; idb disp 6 (judgment: motion before trial), judgment for defendant
A voluntary or stipulated dismissal is how most suits end once the agency acts; the docket rarely says why. Other suits in this court.
The ruling's entry is the docket's one order or judgment entered the day of the decision. Both come from CourtListener's copy of the docket; check them there.
Supreme Court and Fourth Circuit authority
District decisions bind no one. On the questions this decision raises, the Supreme Court decisions and the circuit's published decisions listed here bind this court; a circuit disposition marked nonprecedential was not published as precedent and is persuasive only. ImmCite status as read November 14, 2026. Check the current status before relying on one.
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Department of State v. Muñoz, 602 U.S. 899
Supreme Court, June 21, 2024. A U.S. citizen has no fundamental liberty interest in a noncitizen spouse's admission, so marriage alone entitles the citizen neither to Mandel review of the consular refusal nor to an explanation beyond the statutory citation.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Trump v. Hawaii, 585 U.S. 667
Supreme Court, June 26, 2018. Mandel's facially-legitimate-and-bona-fide standard governs constitutional challenges to entry restrictions, and a citation to a valid statutory ground ordinarily satisfies it.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Kleindienst v. Mandel, 408 U.S. 753
Supreme Court, June 29, 1972. When a visa refusal burdens a U.S. citizen's own constitutional rights, courts ask only whether the Executive gave a facially legitimate and bona fide reason and do not look behind it.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Norton v. Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance, 542 U.S. 55
Supreme Court, June 14, 2004. Section 706(1) and mandamus reach only a discrete agency action that the agency is legally required to take, so a court cannot compel programmatic improvements or action the law leaves to agency discretion.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Sesay v. United States, 984 F.3d 312
Fourth Circuit, January 5, 2021. Consular nonreviewability bars review of a relative's visa refusal; under Din and Trump v. Hawaii a valid statutory citation satisfies Mandel, and the court will not look behind it absent a particularized showing of bad faith.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance. ImmCite has read all 4 published decisions citing this case, as of 2026-11-13; none treats it adversely. That describes those decisions; it is not a determination that the case is good law.
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Gonzalez v. Cuccinelli, 985 F.3d 357
Fourth Circuit, January 14, 2021. Courts may review delay in placing U-visa petitioners on the waitlist under the TRAC factors and should not dismiss such claims at the pleading stage, but lack jurisdiction over delay in pre-waitlist work-permit requests, a point on which the Sixth Circuit disagrees.
ImmCite: caution, adverse or limiting treatment found. Rejected in the Sixth Circuit by Barrios Garcia v. U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 25 F.4th 430 (2022).
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Lovo v. Miller, 107 F.4th 199
Fourth Circuit, July 3, 2024. The 'decision or action' language of § 1182(a)(9)(B)(v), which the court treated as coextensive with § 1252(a)(2)(B)(ii), does not reach USCIS inaction, so a district court may hear a claim that USCIS unreasonably delayed a provisional unlawful-presence waiver.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance. ImmCite has read all 5 published decisions citing this case, as of 2026-11-07; none treats it adversely. That describes those decisions; it is not a determination that the case is good law.