Mandamus decisions / District of Columbia
Khan v. Bitter
Read the decisionOriginal on CourtListener
2,914 written decisions from 2,661 cases in the whole mandamus and agency-delay group, the group's newest decided October 30, 2026. Updated November 3, 2026 at 1:24 a.m. CT; the Passim connector counts the live collection, which can differ by the day's additions and retirements (which total to quote). Coverage: of the 1,606 public decisions since January 1, 2025 that a CourtListener and GovInfo search for mandamus and agency delay finds, Passim holds 1,371 (85%), measured November 3, 2026. Some of what that search finds are not mandamus decisions. Tell us about a decision we're missing.
These are counts of past written decisions and dockets, not predictions of how any case will be decided. A distribution appears only when at least 5 decisions (or 5 dockets) are behind it; smaller groups are listed, not summarized. How it's counted.
What the decision decided
Each value cites the passage it was read from. Values read by a model were checked against that passage; values read by rule come from fixed text patterns. Read the decision before relying on either.
| Agency |
Department of State
Read by a model
Following the interview, the consular officer must either issue or refuse the visa. |
|---|---|
| Form or filing |
DS-260 (immigrant visa)
Read by a model
Plaintiff Mansoor Khan seeks to compel Defendants, who are various federal officials sued in their official capacities, to adjudicate his immediate-family visa application, which he filed in February 2022. |
| What the suit asked for |
Decide the application
Read by a model
Plaintiff Mansoor Khan seeks to compel Defendants, who are various federal officials sued in their official capacities, to adjudicate his immediate-family visa application, which he filed in February 2022. |
| Kind of order |
A ruling on a motion or the petition
Read by a model
For the foregoing reasons, Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss, ECF No. 6, is granted. |
| Motion decided |
Motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim
Read by a model
Defendants move to dismiss the case for, among other grounds, failure to state a claim. Defendants’ motion is granted on that basis. |
| Whose motion |
The government's motion
Read by a model
For the foregoing reasons, Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss, ECF No. 6, is granted. |
| Disposition |
Dismissed
The case or every delay claim was dismissed for a reason other than mootness.
Read by a model
For the foregoing reasons, Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss, ECF No. 6, is granted. |
| Prevailing party |
Government
Read by a model
For the foregoing reasons, Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss, ECF No. 6, is granted. |
| The delay claim |
Dismissed
Read by a model
After weighing the TRAC factors, the court concludes that Plaintiff has failed to state a claim that the now 18-month delay in processing his visa application is unreasonable. |
| The other claims |
Dismissed
Read by a model
The court likewise dismisses Plaintiff’s claims under the Mandamus Act and for breach of contract. |
| Months pending |
19.9 months from the application to the suit; 30.1 months from the application to the court's decision
Read by a model
In February 2022, Plaintiff’s wife, Humaira Ansar Khan, filed a visa application with USCIS on his behalf. |
| TRAC factors |
The court weighed the TRAC factors
Thus, the approximately 18-month delay between February 2023, when NVC notified Plaintiff that his case was “Documentarily Qualified,” Compl. ¶ 22, and the date of this opinion is, at best, neutral. |
| The government's delay arguments |
Line-jumping accepted
Read by a model
Granting Plaintiff the relief he seeks simply would move him “ahead of longer-pending petitions” with no overall gain in administrative processing. |
| Threshold rulings |
APA adequate-remedy bar applied (mandamus claim fails)
Read by a model
The Mandamus Act claim fails because the APA provides an adequate remedy at law. |
| Nationality |
Pakistan
Read by a model
Plaintiff is a citizen of Pakistan, and he is the spouse of a U.S. citizen. |
| I-130 category |
Immediate relative
Read by a model
Plaintiff is a citizen of Pakistan, and he is the spouse of a U.S. citizen. |
How the case ended
- Docket
- No. 1:23-cv-03046
- Filed
- October 13, 2023
- Ended
- August 20, 2024
- Suit's filing to its end
- 312 days
- How it ended
- Dismissed, ground not recorded
- From the record
- idb disp 14 (dismissed: other)
A voluntary or stipulated dismissal is how most suits end once the agency acts; the docket rarely says why. Other suits in this court.
Supreme Court and D.C. Circuit authority
District decisions bind no one. On the questions this decision raises, the Supreme Court decisions and the circuit's published decisions listed here bind this court; a circuit disposition marked nonprecedential was not published as precedent and is persuasive only. ImmCite status as read November 3, 2026. Check the current status before relying on one.
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Trump v. Hawaii, 585 U.S. 667
Supreme Court, June 26, 2018. Mandel's facially-legitimate-and-bona-fide standard governs constitutional challenges to entry restrictions, and a citation to a valid statutory ground ordinarily satisfies it.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Department of State v. Muñoz, 602 U.S. 899
Supreme Court, June 21, 2024. A U.S. citizen has no fundamental liberty interest in a noncitizen spouse's admission, so marriage alone entitles the citizen neither to Mandel review of the consular refusal nor to an explanation beyond the statutory citation.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Kleindienst v. Mandel, 408 U.S. 753
Supreme Court, June 29, 1972. When a visa refusal burdens a U.S. citizen's own constitutional rights, courts ask only whether the Executive gave a facially legitimate and bona fide reason and do not look behind it.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Norton v. Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance, 542 U.S. 55
Supreme Court, June 14, 2004. Section 706(1) and mandamus reach only a discrete agency action that the agency is legally required to take, so a court cannot compel programmatic improvements or action the law leaves to agency discretion.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Saavedra Bruno v. Albright, 197 F.3d 1153
D.C. Circuit, December 3, 1999. Consular visa decisions are not subject to judicial review absent an express statutory grant, and the APA does not displace that doctrine.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Baan Rao Thai Restaurant v. Pompeo, 985 F.3d 1020
D.C. Circuit, January 22, 2021. Consular nonreviewability bars a federal court from second-guessing a consular officer's decision to issue or withhold a visa, and dismissal on that ground is a merits ruling rather than a jurisdictional one.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance. ImmCite has read all 3 published decisions citing this case, as of 2026-10-29; none treats it adversely. That describes those decisions; it is not a determination that the case is good law.
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Pietersen v. Department of State, 138 F.4th 552
D.C. Circuit, May 30, 2025. Consular nonreviewability does not bar a forward-looking APA challenge to generally applicable State Department guidance, as distinct from review of an individual visa refusal.
ImmCite: unchecked, treatment not confirmed yet, not evidence either way. ImmCite has found no published decision citing this case as of 2026-11-03; it checks for new citing decisions daily. That is not a determination that the case is good law. The citation index lists 24 other decisions citing it, none a Supreme Court, BIA or Attorney General precedent or a published circuit opinion; ImmCite's status does not review them.
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Telecommunications Research & Action Center v. FCC, 750 F.2d 70
D.C. Circuit, October 24, 1984. Whether agency delay is unreasonable turns on six factors: a rule of reason, any statutory timetable, the human welfare interests at stake, the effect of expediting on competing priorities, the interests prejudiced by delay, and no need to find impropriety.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Mashpee Wampanoag Tribal Council, Inc. v. Norton, 336 F.3d 1094
D.C. Circuit, August 8, 2003. A claim that an agency has unreasonably delayed a matter arises under the APA and § 1331, and the TRAC factors decide whether the delay is unreasonable.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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In re Core Communications, Inc., 531 F.3d 849
D.C. Circuit, July 8, 2008. Mandamus to compel unreasonably delayed agency action is an extraordinary remedy guided by the TRAC factors, granted here after years of unexplained delay.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance