Mandamus decisions / Central District of California
Masoumeh Sadeghi Mahonak v. Marco Rubio
Read the decisionOriginal on CourtListener
2,996 written decisions from 2,731 cases in the whole mandamus and agency-delay group, the group's newest decided November 12, 2026. Updated November 14, 2026 at 1:17 a.m. CT; the Passim connector counts the live collection, which can differ by the day's additions and retirements (which total to quote). Coverage: of the 1,617 public decisions since January 1, 2025 that a CourtListener and GovInfo search for mandamus and agency delay finds, Passim holds 1,406 (87%), 1,039 of them in this group, measured November 14, 2026. Some of what that search finds are not mandamus decisions. Tell us about a decision we're missing.
These are counts of past written decisions and dockets, not predictions of how any case will be decided. A distribution appears only when at least 5 decisions (or 5 dockets) are behind it; smaller groups are listed, not summarized. How it's counted.
What the decision decided
Each value cites the passage it was read from. Values read by a model were checked against that passage; values read by rule come from fixed text patterns. Read the decision before relying on either.
| Agency |
Department of State
Read by a model
Plaintiffs assert six claims stemming from this delay against Defendant 11 Marco Rubio, the Secretary of the United States Department of State |
|---|---|
| Form or filing |
221(g) (consular refusal); DS-260 (immigrant visa)
Read by a model
Form DS- 260, and received notification that their Form DS-260 applications were |
| What the suit asked for |
Finish 221(g) processing
Read by a model
Defendants to “ complete all steps 6 necessary to provide final adjudications of Plaintiffs’ immigrant visa applications” 7 within thirty days. |
| Kind of order |
A ruling on a motion or the petition
Read by a model
the court GRANTS IN PART AND DENIES IN PART the Motion to Dismiss 8 and DENIES the Motion for Preliminary Injunction. |
| Motion decided |
Motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction; Motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim; Other motion to dismiss; Preliminary injunction or TRO
Read by a model
Defendants move to dismiss all six claims under Federal Rules of Civil 9 Procedure 12(b)(1), 12(b)(3), 12(b)(6). (See generally Dkt. 21.) Plaintiffs seek a 10 preliminary injunction |
| Whose motion |
Cross-motions
Read by a model
Defendant Marco Rubio and Defendant 2 Robert Jachim’s (collectively, “Defendants”) Motion to Dismiss (“Motion to 3 Dismiss”), (Dkt. 21 ); and (2) Plaintiffs’ Motion for Preliminary Injunction |
| Disposition |
Dismissed
The case or every delay claim was dismissed for a reason other than mootness.
Read by a model
1. The court DISMISSES Counts One and Two WITH PREJUDICE. 11 2. The court DISMISSES Counts Three, Four, Five, and Six WITHOUT 12 LEAVE TO AMEND but WITHOUT PREJUDICE should later 13 circumstances demonstrate unreasonable delay. |
| Prevailing party |
Government
Read by a model
Because this Order dismisses all claims in this matter |
| The delay claim |
Dismissed
Read by a model
The court DISMISSES Counts Three, Four, Five, and Six WITHOUT 12 LEAVE TO AMEND but WITHOUT PREJUDICE should later 13 circumstances demonstrate unreasonable delay. |
| The other claims |
Dismissed
Read by a model
The court DISMISSES Counts One and Two WITH PREJUDICE. |
| Months pending | Not stated Read by a model |
| TRAC factors | The court did not weigh the TRAC factors Read by a model |
| Threshold rulings |
Mootness argument rejected
Read by a model
Plaintiff Mahonak has a concrete interest 2 in being reunited with her spouse, whose visa application remains in administrative 3 processing, and thus her claim is not moot. |
| Nationality |
Iran
Read by a model
Plaintiffs consist of forty Iranian national immigrant visa applicants |
How the case ended
- Docket
- No. 8:24-cv-01443
- On the docket
- This ruling (ECF 51)
- Filed
- June 30, 2024
- Ended
- February 10, 2025
- Suit's filing to its end
- 225 days
- How it ended
- Dismissed, ground not recorded
- From the record
- idb disp 14 (dismissed: other)
A voluntary or stipulated dismissal is how most suits end once the agency acts; the docket rarely says why. Other suits in this court.
The ruling's entry is the docket's one order or judgment entered the day of the decision. Both come from CourtListener's copy of the docket; check them there.
Supreme Court and Ninth Circuit authority
District decisions bind no one. On the questions this decision raises, the Supreme Court decisions and the circuit's published decisions listed here bind this court; a circuit disposition marked nonprecedential was not published as precedent and is persuasive only. ImmCite status as read November 14, 2026. Check the current status before relying on one.
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Department of State v. Muñoz, 602 U.S. 899
Supreme Court, June 21, 2024. A U.S. citizen has no fundamental liberty interest in a noncitizen spouse's admission, so marriage alone entitles the citizen neither to Mandel review of the consular refusal nor to an explanation beyond the statutory citation.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Trump v. Hawaii, 585 U.S. 667
Supreme Court, June 26, 2018. Mandel's facially-legitimate-and-bona-fide standard governs constitutional challenges to entry restrictions, and a citation to a valid statutory ground ordinarily satisfies it.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Kleindienst v. Mandel, 408 U.S. 753
Supreme Court, June 29, 1972. When a visa refusal burdens a U.S. citizen's own constitutional rights, courts ask only whether the Executive gave a facially legitimate and bona fide reason and do not look behind it.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Norton v. Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance, 542 U.S. 55
Supreme Court, June 14, 2004. Section 706(1) and mandamus reach only a discrete agency action that the agency is legally required to take, so a court cannot compel programmatic improvements or action the law leaves to agency discretion.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Allen v. Milas, 896 F.3d 1094
Ninth Circuit, July 24, 2018. The APA provides no avenue for review of a consular visa refusal beyond Mandel's facially-legitimate-and-bona-fide inquiry, and consular nonreviewability is not a jurisdictional bar.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance. ImmCite has read all 8 published decisions citing this case, as of 2026-11-13; none treats it adversely. That describes those decisions; it is not a determination that the case is good law.
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Sanchez Gonzalez v. United States Department of State, No. 23-4205 (9th Cir. Apr. 30, 2026)
Ninth Circuit, April 30, 2026. After Muñoz, a citizen spouse's own First Amendment interest triggered Mandel review, which a facially legitimate and bona fide reason satisfied absent a showing of bad faith.
ImmCite: unchecked, treatment not confirmed yet, not evidence either way. ImmCite has found no published decision citing this case as of 2026-10-18; it checks for new citing decisions daily. That is not a determination that the case is good law.
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Independence Mining Co. v. Babbitt, 105 F.3d 502
Ninth Circuit, January 23, 1997. Mandamus and APA § 706(1) claims to compel delayed agency action are analyzed alike under the TRAC factors.
ImmCite: treatment available, history exists, not clearance
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Vaz v. Neal, 33 F.4th 1131
Ninth Circuit, May 9, 2022. Section 706(1) compels only a clear, mandatory and discrete duty that has been unreasonably delayed under TRAC, and the APA's prerequisites go to the merits while § 1331 supplies jurisdiction.
ImmCite: unchecked, treatment not confirmed yet, not evidence either way. ImmCite has found no published decision citing this case as of 2026-11-10; it checks for new citing decisions daily. That is not a determination that the case is good law. The citation index lists 145 other decisions citing it, none a Supreme Court, BIA or Attorney General precedent or a published circuit opinion; ImmCite's status does not review them.